St. Valentine of Terni, a third-century Roman saint, was known as the patron saint of lovers. He had the reputation of healing the sick and is said to have restored the sight of Julia, the daughter of Asterius his jailer.
Psychology
European Mysticism: A case for criminal law?
Europe witnessed a revival of Catholic mysticism during the “culture wars” — or the secular-religious conflicts of the nineteenth-century — during which the Catholic Church struggled with anticlericalism and the establishment of liberal governments (Clark and Kaiser, 2003).
Psychiatry and Psychopathology of Paranormal Phenomena
Anyone inquiring into the nature of paranormal experiences and events does so with some apprehension and at some peril to himself. To remain wholly impartial in the face of inexplicable and disturbing phenomena is a difficult achievement, and inevitably one is swayed by one’s own biases which may take the form of a determined scepticism or an equally determined belief in the objective reality of the occult.
Explaining the Unexplained: Warranting Disbelief in the Paranormal
For well over a century, psychologists have attempted to understand belief in psychic or paranormal phenomena (e.g. Carpenter, 1873; Jastrow, 1886). In doing so, they have traditionally approached such beliefs as erroneous, and often the product of misattribution of normal (i.e. non-paranormal) experiences. Such experiences have been attributed to malobservation, probability misjudgement, gullibility and wishful thinking, while belief in the paranormal has been associated with low intelligence, marginal social status, inadequate education, and a lack of critical thinking (e.g. Gilovich, 1991; Irwin, 1993; Wiseman and Watt, 2006).
Real Monsters and Imagined Horror Stories Evolved
All normally developed humans are equipped with cognitive machinery dedicated to threat detection and handling, machinery that has been assembled and fine-tuned incrementally by a long process of natural selection. We have evidence to suggest that horror fiction runs on the same machinery.
Monsters Evolve: A Biocultural Approach to Horror Stories
The popularity of horror fiction is puzzling. Why would anyone willingly expose himself or herself to such aversive, outlandish nonsense; what is the appeal of supernatural monsters and moaning ghosts? I argue that a biocultural approach, one that integrates research into evolved psychology with attention to sociohistorical circumstance, is uniquely equipped to answer these questions.
The Shadow of Insanity from Hippocrates to Victorian Psychiatry
The ghostly, mysterious, mighty and shady presence of madness, or insanity, throughout history has been acquiring, in fact, a large amount of diverse meanings.
The Psychology in American Film Noir and Gothic Thrillers
Insanity, paranoia, and psychology have long been a staple of American film noir thrillers. These motion pictures provide insight into an evolving American popular culture landscape from World War II through the postwar era and function as cultural, industrial, and aesthetic products of Hollywood’s classical studio system during a fascinating period of the American film industry.
Nightmares, Sleep Paralysis and Witchcraft Accusations
The historical record shows that personal experience of bewitchment was multifarious, concerning livestock, goods, chattels, and agricultural processes. However, over the last five centuries the majority of those experiences that were deemed severe enough to lead to the formal accusation, prosecution, or physical assault of supposed witches, concerned people suffering from ill health, or some other form of physical or mental discomfort.
Witch-Children: The Forensic Myth of the Innocent Child
In a world that agonises over perennial betrayal, cruelty, war, mass slaughter, and other failures of humanity, we passionately long for exemplars of unadulterated goodness — and the child, like some sacred icon, has been traditionally placed upon an imaginary altar so that we might revere virtues lacking in ourselves. This is the benchmark of romanticism: to seek virtue and beauty in groups, places, and times which are remote and relatively unknown. Such lack of knowledge preserves the impeccability of the icon.
The New Psychological Spaces for the American Gothic
Upon approaching the subject of the American Gothic short story, one encounters diverse places in which the narratives take place: different geographies, cartographies and spaces that define the atmosphere of the stories themselves.
The Libertine Sadistic Writings of the Marquis de Sade
Readdressing the value and impact of the controversial “libertine” writings of Donatien Alphonse Fran François, Marquis de Sade (1740-1814) is the subject of this investigation. While the term “Sadean” is now common in the cultural imagination, conjuring the grotesque — freakish, bizarre, abhorrent — and extreme images of sex and violence, the man himself was an especially confounding and controversial figure — even by the standards of the eighteenth-century French aristocratic elite.
Goth Subculture Identification, Depression, and Self-Harm
Depression and self-harm are major public health concerns in teenagers, with at least 10% of teenagers in developed countries reporting self-harm by the age of 16 years. The rates of emotional problems in adolescence might also be increasing.
Exploring Mental Health Through the Lens of the Gothic
To investigate this assertion, we explore three texts in which mental health is represented in order to foreground the Gothic images and tropes they contain, proposing that this can help viewers to be more aware of how a sense of fear and stigma can be developed and established in such representation.
Domains of Supernatural Agents’ Knowledge and Concern
While some supernatural agents know everything we do and think, others are not concerned with such matters, and their knowledge is limited. We can test each others’ knowledge about particular domains, but we have no concrete evidence regarding the minds of supernatural agents, let alone what types of knowledge they possess.
